Minimally Invasive Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: A Narrative Review

Area of Science:

• Surgical Innovation
• Minimally Invasive Procedures
• Pilonidal Sinus Disease Management

Background:

• Chronic pilonidal disease management is controversial.
• Conventional surgery involves excising skin and subcutaneous tissue.
• Newer minimally invasive approaches are emerging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate novel minimally invasive surgical techniques for pilonidal sinus disease (PSD).
• To compare the efficacy and safety of new approaches against conventional methods.
• To assess patient satisfaction and recovery times associated with innovative treatments.

Main Methods:

• A novel technique involves excising subcutaneous tissue while preserving overlying skin.
• An endoscopic approach utilizes an endoscope without causing skin damage.
• Comparison of outcomes with conventional surgical treatments.

Main Results:

• Minimally invasive approaches, including endoscopic techniques, show promise.
• Advantages include shorter operative times and reduced hospital stays.
• Patients report high satisfaction due to lower postoperative pain and faster return to activities.
• Both sinusectomy and endoscopic approaches are safe and effective compared to conventional techniques.
• Newer approaches demonstrate low short-term complication rates.

Conclusions:

• Minimally invasive surgical options for pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) are effective and safe.
• Endoscopic techniques offer significant benefits in patient recovery and satisfaction.
• Further long-term studies with at least 5-year follow-up are necessary to fully validate these approaches.