Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Minimally-invasive Technique for Injection into Rat Optic Nerve
Published on: May 19, 2015
Minimally invasive technique of placing a dual chamber permanent pacemaker in children
Muneer Amanullah1, Somia Razzaq2, Asif Hasan Siddiqui3
1Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University,Karachi, Pakistan.
Insights
This study shows that minimally invasive dual chamber permanent pacemaker implantation using a xiphisternal incision is a safe and beneficial procedure for pediatric patients. The technique proved advantageous for both patients and surgeons.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Cardiac Electrophysiology
- Minimally Invasive Surgery
Background:
- Permanent pacemaker implantation is crucial for managing bradyarrhythmias in children.
- Traditional surgical approaches can be associated with significant morbidity.
- Minimally invasive techniques are increasingly explored to improve patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a minimally invasive technique for dual chamber permanent pacemaker implantation in pediatric patients.
- To share surgical experience with epicardial pacemaker insertion via a xiphisternal incision in a young population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 10 pediatric patients (up to 16 years) undergoing epicardial dual chamber permanent pacemaker insertion.
- Procedure performed via a xiphisternal incision between April 2011 and August 2016.
- Data reviewed included demographics, indications, ECG findings, concomitant procedures, complications, and pacemaker parameters.
Main Results:
- The study included 10 patients (5 males, 5 females) with a mean age of 3.4 years.
- Indications were postoperative atrioventricular block (70%) and congenital heart block (30%).
- No procedural morbidity was reported, indicating a safe application of the technique.
Conclusions:
- Epicardial dual chamber permanent pacemaker insertion via a xiphisternal incision is a beneficial and safe minimally invasive option for pediatric patients.
- This technique offers advantages for both the pediatric patient population and the surgical team.
Objective:
To share the experience of a minimally invasive technique in the implantation of a dual chamber permanent pacemaker in paediatric population.
Methods:
The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of patients aged up to 16 years who underwent epicardial dual chamber permanent pacemaker insertion via xiphisternal incision between April 2011 and August 2016. Demographic data included age, weight and gender of the patient. Indications for pacemaker insertion, electrocardiography findings, concomitant cardiac procedures and procedural complications were reviewed. Pacemaker thresholds and impedance at the time of implantation and throughout the course of follow-up were extracted from the clinical data.
Results:
Of the 10 patients, 5(50%) were males and 5(50%)were females. The overall mean age was 3.4}3.8 years (range: 1 month - 13 years). The mean weight at the time of operation was 11.4}6.8 kg (range: 4.3-27kg). Indications for permanent pacemaker insertion included postoperative advanced or complete atrioventricular block in 7(70%) and complete congenital heart block in 3(30%). There was no reported morbidity.
Conclusions:
Dual chamber permanent pacemaker insertion via xiphisternal incision was found to be of benefit to the patients and the surgeons alike.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:17Placing Concrete
While placing concrete, care is taken to ensure that the concrete is laid in uniform layers, and hand shoveling and moving concrete using poker vibrators is avoided. Also,...
01:16Chambers of the Heart
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
01:29Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
01:12Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...
01:10Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the number of...
01:23Mechanical Ventilation II: Invasive Ventilation
Negative-Pressure Ventilators
Negative-pressure ventilators create a vacuum around the chest or body to draw air into the lungs, simulating breathing. This method does not require an...