Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis

Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis

Noncompartmental analyses offer an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without relying on a specific compartmental model. In this approach, the drug's pharmacokinetics are assumed to be linear, with the terminal phase log-linear. This assumption allows for simplified analysis and interpretation of the drug's behavior in the body.
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This...

Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches

Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches

Drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The model approach uses mathematical models to describe changes in drug concentration over time. Pharmacokinetic models help characterize drug behavior in patients, predict drug concentration in the body fluids, calculate optimum dosage regimens, and evaluate the risk of toxicity. However, ensuring that the model fits the experimental data accurately...

Introduction to Test of Independence

Introduction to Test of Independence

In statistics, the term independence means that one can directly obtain the probability of any event involving both variables by multiplying their individual probabilities. Tests of independence are chi-square tests involving the use of a contingency table of observed (data) values.
The test statistic for a test of independence is similar to that of a goodness-of-fit test:

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

Hypothesis Test for Test of Independence

The test of independence is a chi-square-based test used to determine whether two variables or factors are independent or dependent. This hypothesis test is used to examine the independence of the variables. One can construct two qualitative survey questions or experiments based on the variables in a contingency table. The goal is to see if the two variables are unrelated (independent) or related (dependent). The null and alternative hypotheses for this test are:
H0: The two variables (factors)...

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

To be visualized by an electron microscope, either transmission or scanning, biological samples need to be fixed (stabilized) so the electron beam does not destroy them and dried thoroughly (desiccated/dehydrated) so the vacuum does not affect them. Fixation needs to be done as quickly as possible because the sample properties will start changing as soon as it is removed from its natural environment. For example, in a tissue sample, the oxygen levels begin decreasing, causing an altered...

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
Bulk or large solid samples are typically reduced in size using grinding, crushing, or milling techniques to increase the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Severe cerebellitis as a manifestation of infliximab-associated overlap of neurosarcoidosis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease - case report.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Same author

Phosphorylated toll-like receptor 4 defines a high-risk sepsis endotype.

Critical care (London, England)·2026

Same author

Schizophrenia risk gene ZNF804A controls ribosome localization and synaptogenesis in developing human neurons.

Science advances·2026

Same author

Preventing Parkinson's disease in the context of movement disorders: a narrative review of current evidence and future directions.

Neurological research and practice·2026

Same author

A Novel 3D Semi-Automated Full Quantification Technique for Detection of Intraneural Phospho-α-Synuclein in Skin Biopsies.

European journal of neurology·2026

Same author

Human Cytomegalovirus Serostatus Defines Cytokine-Based Predictive Signatures in Sepsis.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Modeling Melanoma Immune Surveillance by CAR-T Cells in Human Skin Organoids.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Stepwise Optimization of a Matrigel-Based In Vitro Angiogenesis Assay for Reproducible and Quantifiable 2D-Tube Formation Using HUVECs.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Quantifying Mechanical Properties of Fresh Ovarian Tissue with Optical Brillouin Microscopy.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

3D Chromatin Architecture During Early Development: New Methods and New Findings.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

Same journal

Metabolic Plasticity in Embryogenesis Throughout the Lens of NAD<sup></sup>.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 4, 2018

CSF Sample Preparation for Data-Independent Acquisition.

Katalin Barkovits¹, Lars Tönges², Katrin Marcus³

¹Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Faculty of Medicine, Bochum, Germany.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|August 22, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry method for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomic analysis. It addresses blood contamination and sample processing to improve the reliability of neurological disease biomarker discovery.

Keywords:

Blood contamination Data-dependent acquisition Data-independent acquisition In-solution digest Mass spectrometry

More Related Videos

Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions

Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions

Published on: April 20, 2016

Proteomic Profile of EPS-Urine through FASP Digestion and Data-Independent Analysis

Published on: May 8, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

Quantification of Site-specific Protein Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Stoichiometry Using Data-independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 4, 2018

Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions

Data Acquisition Protocol for Determining Embedded Sensitivity Functions

Published on: April 20, 2016

Proteomic Profile of EPS-Urine through FASP Digestion and Data-Independent Analysis

Published on: May 8, 2021

Area of Science:

Proteomics
Neurological Disease Research
Mass Spectrometry

Background:

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is crucial for proteomic studies in neurological diseases.
Traditional bottom-up proteomics with data-dependent acquisition (DDA) has limitations in quantifying low-abundant proteins and introduces technical variance.
Blood contamination and complex sample processing significantly impact CSF proteomic analysis reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a robust method for CSF proteomic analysis for neurological disease biomarker discovery.
To address challenges of blood contamination and sample preparation variability in CSF analysis.
To implement data-independent acquisition (DIA) for improved protein quantification and reproducibility.

Main Methods:

Evaluation of CSF quality for blood contamination.
Optimization of sample preparation strategies for CSF.
Application of a data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry method for CSF proteomic analysis.

Main Results:

Established methods for assessing CSF quality and minimizing blood contamination.
Developed a reproducible DIA-MS workflow for CSF proteomic analysis.
Demonstrated improved quantitative accuracy and reduced variability compared to DDA methods.

Conclusions:

The presented DIA-MS method offers a reliable approach for CSF proteomic analysis in neurological disease research.
Accurate CSF quality control and optimized sample preparation are critical prerequisites for successful biomarker discovery.
This workflow enhances the potential for identifying robust biomarkers for neurological disease diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms.