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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
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Update on pediatric optic neuritis

Jane H Lock1, Nancy J Newman1,2,3, Valérie Biousse1,2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|August 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Recent advancements in pediatric optic neuritis (PON) focus on myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) testing. This improves diagnosis and risk stratification for children with demyelinating conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pediatric optic neuritis (PON) is a significant neurological condition in children.
  • Understanding demyelinating syndromes has evolved with new serological markers.
  • Distinguishing between various autoimmune neurological disorders is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the classification, investigation, and management of pediatric optic neuritis (PON).
  • To highlight the impact of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) testing on PON assessment.
  • To discuss the implications for risk stratification and tailored treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent developments in pediatric optic neuritis.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on MOG-Ab associated disease (MOG+AD).
  • Comparison of MOG+AD with multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4+NMOSD).

Main Results:

  • Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) testing has shifted the paradigm in assessing pediatric optic neuritis.
  • MOG-Ab positive-associated disease (MOG+AD) presents distinct clinical and radiological features compared to MS and AQP4+NMOSD.
  • Optic neuritis is the most common presentation of MOG+AD, which is more prevalent in children and generally has a better prognosis, barring recurrent cases.

Conclusions:

  • Improved understanding of MOG+AD natural history allows for better risk stratification in pediatric optic neuritis.
  • Initial PON investigations now routinely include serology alongside neuroimaging and CSF analysis.
  • Treatment for PON is increasingly tailored to specific diagnoses, including MS, AQP4+NMOSD, and MOG+AD.
Abstract

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