Progressively enlarging childhood chronic subdural hematoma surgically treated 26 years after diagnosis

Pediatric chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a relatively common disorder. Treatment often requires burr hole drainage or subduroperitoneal shunt placement; some patients are managed conservatively. However, the long-term outcome of untreated pediatric CSDH is unknown. The authors report a case of a huge, progressively enlarging subdural granuloma that was surgically treated 26 years after the initial diagnosis of CSDH. This 30-year-old male patient presented with worsening intermittent atonic seizure-like movements, which had been noted since he was 4 years old. At that time, the patient was diagnosed with CSDH at an outside hospital, but an operation was refused by the parents. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed at 23 years of age showed a huge subdural mass on the right frontoparietal region and a smaller mass on the left side with a significant midline shift. Upon presentation at the age of 30, MRI revealed worsening of the right subdural mass and midline shift. Subsequently, the patient underwent craniotomy and subtotal removal of the mass and capsule. The volume of the content was approximately 430 cc. Untreated pediatric CSDH can grow progressively, even over several decades. Patients with CSDH, especially those managed conservatively, should be closely monitored for worsening symptoms over a long-term follow-up period.