Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
Autophagy modulation in bladder cancer development and treatment (Review)
Faping Li1, Hui Guo1, Yuxuan Yang1
1Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.
Abstract:
Bladder cancer (BC) is a potentially life‑threatening malignancy. Due to a high recurrence rate, frequent surveillance strategies and intravesical drug therapies, BC is considered one of the most expensive tumors to treat. As a fundamental evolutionary catabolic process, autophagy plays an important role in the maintenance of cellular environmental homeostasis by degrading and recycling damaged cytoplasmic components, including macromolecules and organelles. Scientific studies in the last two decades have shown that autophagy acts as a double‑edged sword with regard to the treatment of cancer. On one hand, autophagy inhibition is able to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to treatment, a process known as protective autophagy. On the other hand, autophagy overactivation may lead to cell death, referred to as autophagic cell death, similar to apoptosis. Therefore, it is essential to identify the role of autophagy in cancer cells in order to develop novel therapeutic agents. In addition, autophagy may potentially become a novel therapeutic target in human diseases. In this review, the current knowledge on autophagy modulation in BC development and treatment is summarized.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Review and Preview
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Review and Preview
Autophagy
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Urinary Bladder
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

