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Cell death during complete metamorphosis.

Gianluca Tettamanti1, Morena Casartelli2

  • 1Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|August 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Cell death, including apoptosis and autophagy, is crucial for insect metamorphosis, reshaping larval tissues into adult structures. This review examines cell death mechanisms in Lepidoptera and other holometabolous insects, comparing them to Drosophila melanogaster.

Keywords:
Lepidopteraapoptosisautophagymetamorphosisprogrammed cell death

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Complete metamorphosis in insects involves significant tissue remodeling.
  • Cell death is a critical process during the larva-pupa-adult transition.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is key to comprehending insect development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on cell death mechanisms during insect metamorphosis.
  • To highlight similarities and differences in cell death pathways across insect orders.
  • To discuss the roles of apoptosis and autophagy in developmental tissue remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on insect metamorphosis.
  • Comparative analysis of cell death mechanisms in Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Drosophila melanogaster.
  • Synthesis of information on apoptosis and autophagy in developmental contexts.

Main Results:

  • Cell death is essential for removing larval tissues and forming adult structures.
  • Apoptosis and autophagy are key cellular processes driving metamorphosis.
  • Similarities and differences exist in cell death regulation across holometabolous insects.

Conclusions:

  • Cell death pathways are conserved yet divergent in holometabolous insects.
  • Apoptosis and autophagy play vital, distinct roles in insect metamorphosis.
  • Further research can elucidate the evolution of complete metamorphosis through cell death studies.