Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Collection and Identification of Pollen from Honey Bee Colonies
Published on: January 19, 2021
Pollen morphology and variability of invasive Spiraea tomentosa L. (Rosaceae) from populations in Poland
Dorota Wrońska-Pilarek1, Blanka Wiatrowska1, Jan Bocianowski2
1Department of Forest Botany, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate the pollen morphology and the ranges of intraspecific and interindividual variability of the North American steeplebush-Spiraea tomentosa L., an invasive species in Poland. Steeplebush inflorescences were collected randomly from 30 localities of S. tomentosa in Poland. In total, 900 pollen grains were analysed with both a light and a scanning electron microscope. Nine quantitative and three qualitative pollen features were studied. The diagnostic features were: exine ornamentation (size and direction of the muri), operculum and perforation size. For the first time, the intraspecific and interindividual variability of the pollen grains of the highly invasive S. tomentosa were investigated. Pollen grain features were so similar, that they did not allow to differentiate individual samples of S. tomentosa and only groups of samples were recognized.
Related Concept Videos
Conservation of Small Populations
What is Population Genetics?
Population Growth
Variability: Analysis
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
Random Variables
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence

