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Kelch-like proteins: Physiological functions and relationships with diseases
Xiaoxian Shi1, Senfeng Xiang1, Ji Cao1
1Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Kelch-like gene family proteins (KLHLs) form E3 ligase complexes, crucial for protein ubiquitination. Dysregulation of KLHLs is linked to various human diseases, highlighting their pathogenic roles.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Kelch-like gene family members (KLHLs) encode proteins with specific domains (BTB/POZ, BACK, Kelch motifs).
- KLHLs interact with Cullin3 to form E3 ligase complexes, mediating substrate protein ubiquitination.
- Mutations and abnormal expression of KLHLs are increasingly implicated in human disease pathogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review identified substrates of different KLHL proteins.
- To summarize current knowledge on KLHL protein functions.
- To discuss the biological roles of KLHLs in various diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on KLHL substrates and functions.
- Analysis of KLHL protein structure and interactions.
- Synthesis of data on KLHL involvement in disease.
Main Results:
- Identified diverse substrates targeted by different KLHL proteins.
- Detailed the mechanisms of KLHL-mediated ubiquitination.
- Highlighted the significant biological functions of KLHLs in disease.
Conclusions:
- KLHLs are critical regulators of protein ubiquitination with diverse biological functions.
- KLHLs play significant roles in the pathogenesis of various human diseases.
- Further research into KLHLs offers potential therapeutic avenues for related diseases.
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