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Physiological Gait versus Gait in VR on Multidirectional Treadmill-Comparative Analysis.

Katarzyna Jochymczyk-Woźniak1, Katarzyna Nowakowska2, Jacek Polechoński3

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Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
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Summary

Virtual reality (VR) gait on an Omni treadmill differs significantly from natural locomotion. Careful application is advised for rehabilitation, though VR treadmills show potential for safe, active movement simulation.

Keywords:
BTS SystemOMNI treadmillenergy expendituregait analysiskinematicsphysical activityphysiotherapyvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Virtual Reality Applications
  • Physiotherapy

Background:

  • Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly utilized in physiotherapy and health promotion.
  • Advanced technologies, including VR simulators like treadmills, are promoting physical activity (PA).
  • The study investigates the similarity between natural human locomotion and gait within a virtual environment using an Omni treadmill.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively analyze physiological gait and gait simulated on a multidirectional Omni treadmill.
  • To understand how VR-induced locomotive movements compare to natural forms of human locomotion (marching, running).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the BTS Smart system for triplanar motion analysis on 10 healthy females (aged 20-24).
  • Measured physiological gait and gait on the Omni treadmill, analyzing parameters like joint motion, pelvic movement, and energy expenditure.
  • Gait parameters included flexion-extension, rotation, foot progression, adduction-abduction, pelvic tilt/rotation, and center of mass movement.

Main Results:

  • Significant kinematic differences were observed between physiological gait and treadmill-induced gait.
  • Greatest discrepancies noted in ankle flexion-extension, foot progression, knee rotation, and pelvic tilt/rotation.
  • Treadmill gait exhibited a longer stance phase and reduced ranges of motion in multiple joints, with lower energy expenditure compared to physiological gait.

Conclusions:

  • Gait parameters on the Omni treadmill significantly differ from physiological gait, necessitating cautious application in gait rehabilitation.
  • The Omni treadmill demonstrates potential as a safe simulator for active locomotion within virtual reality environments.