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Electrical stimulation mapping in children.

Ann Hyslop1, Michael Duchowny2

  • 1Nicklaus Children's Hospital, 3100 SW 62nd Ave, Miami, FL, 33155, United States; Florida International University Herbert Wortheim College of Medicine, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, United States.

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Summary

Electrical stimulation mapping helps identify critical brain areas for epilepsy surgery. This review focuses on optimizing these techniques for children, addressing unique challenges in pediatric brain mapping.

Keywords:
Electrical stimulation mappingFunctional mappingIntraoperative mappingLanguage mappingMotor mappingPediatric epilepsy surgerysEEG

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurosurgery
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Electrical stimulation mapping is crucial for identifying eloquent cortex.
  • It's vital in epilepsy surgery for patients with atypical brain organization.
  • Pediatric functional mapping presents unique challenges due to immature cortical development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review challenges in pediatric functional brain mapping.
  • To outline optimal stimulation parameters for pediatric cases.
  • To describe preparation and mapping approaches for sensory, motor, language, and visual cortices in children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on electrical stimulation mapping in pediatric populations.
  • Discussion of stimulation parameters for open implantation and stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG).
  • Description of baseline evaluation and preparation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific challenges in pediatric functional testing.
  • Outlined optimized stimulation parameters for accurate pediatric mapping.
  • Described systematic approaches for mapping key cortical functions.

Conclusions:

  • Adapting electrical stimulation mapping is essential for pediatric epilepsy surgery.
  • Careful preparation and tailored stimulation parameters improve mapping accuracy in children.
  • This review provides a framework for effective pediatric cortical function mapping.