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Profiling surface proteins on individual exosomes using a proximity barcoding assay
Di Wu1,2,3, Junhong Yan4, Xia Shen5,6,7
1Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75 185, Uppsala, Sweden. di.wu@vesicode.com.
Nature Communications
|August 28, 2019
Summary
Researchers developed a new assay to profile surface proteins on individual exosomes, enabling their use as disease markers. This method allows for the quantification of exosomes from different sources, aiding in disease diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Exosomes are crucial in biological processes and serve as potential disease biomarkers.
- Exosome surface proteins indicate their tissue of origin.
- Investigating individual exosomes is desirable due to their heterogeneity but has been challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a proximity-dependent barcoding assay for profiling individual exosome surface proteins.
- To enable the investigation of exosome heterogeneity and composition.
- To establish exosomes as quantifiable markers for tissue-specific disease engagement.
Main Methods:
- Utilized antibody-DNA conjugates for proximity-dependent barcoding.
- Employed next-generation sequencing for high-throughput analysis.
- Validated the assay using artificial complexes and exosomes from human body fluids and cell culture.
Main Results:
- Successfully profiled surface proteins on individual exosomes.
- Demonstrated variable surface protein composition across different exosome sources.
- Showcased the ability to separately quantify exosomes from mixed samples based on protein profiles.
Conclusions:
- The developed assay enables individual exosome analysis, overcoming previous limitations.
- Exosome surface protein combinations can serve as unique identifiers for different sources.
- This method facilitates the use of exosomes as diagnostic markers for tissue-specific diseases.
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