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Related Concept Videos

Borderline Personality Disorder01:25

Borderline Personality Disorder

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Borderline Personality Disorder is a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulse control. This instability manifests in extreme emotional reactions, fear of abandonment, and self-destructive behaviors. The disorder significantly impacts daily functioning, often leading to distress in both personal and professional domains.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions
Borderline Personality...
549
Antisocial Personality Disorder01:24

Antisocial Personality Disorder

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Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...
674
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid01:22

Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid

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Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
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Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic01:20

Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic

498
Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
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Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant01:26

Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant

737
Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
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Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
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Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

404
Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Evidence for default mode network dysfunction in borderline personality disorder.

Salvatore Aguilar-Ortiz1,2,3, Pilar Salgado-Pineda1,4, Daniel Vega5

  • 1FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.

Psychological Medicine
|August 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain imaging in borderline personality disorder (BPD) reveals reduced activation in executive function tasks and impaired de-activation in the default mode network, suggesting neural correlates for cognitive deficits in BPD.

Keywords:
Borderline personality disorderdefault mode networkfunctional imagingneuroimaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with executive and cognitive deficits.
  • Limited research exists on the brain functional correlates of these deficits in BPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate task-related brain activation and de-activation patterns during a working memory task in BPD patients.
  • To identify potential neural underpinnings of cognitive impairments in BPD.

Main Methods:

  • fMRI scans were conducted on 67 BPD patients and 67 healthy controls during an n-back task.
  • Linear models were employed to analyze within-group activations and between-group differences.

Main Results:

  • No significant activation differences between groups during the 2-back vs. baseline contrast.
  • Reduced activation in the precentral cortex and left inferior parietal cortex during the 2-back vs. 1-back contrast in BPD patients.
  • BPD patients exhibited failure of de-activation in the medial frontal cortex, precuneus, and other areas, independent of depression history.

Conclusions:

  • Limited evidence suggests lateral frontal hypoactivation in BPD during executive tasks.
  • BPD is associated with impaired de-activation in key regions of the default mode network.