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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

Properties of Transition Metals

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Magnetically Ordered Transition-Metal-Intercalated WSe2.

Pankaj Kumar1, Ralph Skomski2, Raghani Pushpa1

  • 1Department of Physics, Boise State University, 1910 University Dr., Boise, Idaho 83725, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Introducing magnetic properties into nonmagnetic tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is key for spintronic devices. Transition-metal intercalation creates substantial magnetic moments and ferromagnetic order, enabling potential applications in nanomagnetic technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nonmagnetic transition metal dichalcogenides lack intrinsic magnetic properties.
  • Developing magnetic behavior in these materials is crucial for advanced spintronic and nanomagnetic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of transition-metal-intercalated tungsten diselenide (WSe2).
  • Explore the potential of these intercalated compounds for spintronic and nanomagnetic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Density functional theory calculations were employed to study T1/4WSe2 (T = transition metal).
  • Analysis of electronic densities of states and magnetic moments on W sites.

Main Results:

  • Intercalation with late transition metals (Cr, Mn, Fe) induces significant magnetic moments and ferromagnetic order.
  • Fe1/4WSe2 exhibits large perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy (~9 meV/supercell).
  • High Curie temperatures were predicted (e.g., 660 K for Cr, 475 K for Mn, 379 K for Fe) using mean-field theory.

Conclusions:

  • Transition-metal intercalation effectively introduces magnetism into WSe2.
  • These magnetic WSe2 compounds show promise for future spintronic and nanomagnetic device applications.