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Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: No Touch Technique
Published on: April 30, 2023
A Comparative Study of Blood Sampling From Venipuncture and Short Peripheral Catheters in Pediatric Inpatients
K Renee Twibell1, Paula Hofstetter, Debra Siela
1Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana (Drs Twibell and Siela); Indiana University Health Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, Indiana (Dr Twibell and Mss Hofstetter, Brown, and Jones). K. Renee Twibell, PhD, RN, CNE, is an associate professor in the School of Nursing at Ball State University and a nurse researcher at Indiana University (IU) Health Ball Memorial Hospital. Dr Twibell serves on state and national nursing committees. She has published more than 25 articles and presented more than 120 times at professional conferences. Paula Hofstetter, BSN, RN, has 20 years of experience in pediatrics and 10 years in obstetrics. She serves as a unit preceptor, co-chair of the Pediatric Unit Based Council, member of the hospital-wide Professional Nursing Council, and nursing representative on the Value Analysis Team at IU Health Ball Memorial Hospital. Ms Hofstetter was the primary research assistant for this study. Debra Siela, PhD, RN, CCNS, ACNS-BC, CCRN-K, CNE, RRT, is an associate professor at Ball State University School of Nursing. She has a PhD in nursing and is certified in several nursing specialties. In addition to her research expertise, Dr Siela has presented at national nursing conferences and has published numerous articles in nursing-related journals. Dava Brown, BSN, RN, CRNI®, VA-BC, was the team leader of the vascular access department at IU Health Ball Memorial Hospital for more than 10 years. She is certified in vascular access and infusion therapy. Ms Brown is a consultant, researcher, published author, and nurse leader. Holly M. Jones, MSN, RNC-OB, RN-BC, works as a nursing professional development educator at IU Health Ball Memorial Hospital. She earned an MSN in education and is certified in inpatient obstetrics and nursing professional development. Ms Jones also serves as a fetal monitor and obstetric patient safety instructor, as well as a chapter coordinator for a national nursing organization focused on the care of child-bearing families.
For pediatric inpatients, drawing blood via short peripheral catheter caused less patient distress than venipuncture, though it had higher hemolysis rates. Both methods showed similar blood test results.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Medicine
- Clinical Pathology
- Nursing Practice
Background:
- Blood collection in pediatric inpatients often involves venipuncture or peripheral catheters.
- Evaluating alternative blood sampling methods is crucial for patient comfort and sample integrity.
- Short peripheral catheters are commonly used for fluid administration in children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare blood test results, hemolysis rates, and patient perceptions between venipuncture and short peripheral catheter blood sampling in pediatric inpatients.
- To determine the safety and efficacy of using short peripheral catheters for blood draws.
- To assess patient and parent satisfaction with different blood collection techniques.
Main Methods:
- A prospective, comparative study involving 95 pediatric inpatients.
- Blood specimens were collected using both venipuncture and short peripheral catheters.
- Analysis included potassium, glucose, hemoglobin levels, and hemolysis rates.
- Patient and parent distress and satisfaction were assessed.
Main Results:
- No significant differences were observed in potassium, glucose, or hemoglobin levels between the two methods.
- Hemolysis rates were significantly higher for samples drawn from peripheral catheters (15%) compared to venipuncture (4%).
- Patients/parents reported significantly less distress and greater satisfaction with peripheral catheter blood sampling.
Conclusions:
- Short peripheral catheters offer a less distressing blood sampling method for pediatric inpatients compared to venipuncture.
- While peripheral catheter draws have higher hemolysis rates, they do not significantly impact key blood test analytes.
- Further research may explore strategies to minimize hemolysis when using peripheral catheters for blood collection.
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