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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings
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Determining Deformation Transition in Polyethylene under Tensile Loading.

Na Tan1, P-Y Ben Jar2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, 10-203 Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada. ntan2@ualberta.ca.

Polymers
|August 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The multi-relaxation test reveals a consistent critical stroke for polyethylene (PE) plastic deformation onset across densities. This critical stress component is reliably predictable using standard tensile tests for PE applications.

Keywords:
WAXSdeformation transitiondensitymulti-relaxation testpolyethylene

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Physics
  • Solid Mechanics

Background:

  • Stress relaxation behavior in polyethylene (PE) can indicate its material state under tension.
  • The multi-relaxation (MR) test leverages this principle to assess material properties.
  • Understanding plastic deformation onset is crucial for PE's long-term performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the first critical stroke for plastic deformation in the crystalline phase of PE using the MR test.
  • To investigate the relationship between PE mass density and its critical stroke and stress values.
  • To evaluate the utility of standard tensile tests in characterizing critical stress components for PE.

Main Methods:

  • Application of the multi-relaxation (MR) test to six polyethylene samples with varying mass densities.
  • Determination of the first critical stroke, total stress, and quasi-static (QS) stress values.
  • Comparison of MR test results with data from standard tensile tests.

Main Results:

  • The first critical stroke values were remarkably similar across all six PE samples, irrespective of density.
  • Wide-angle X-ray scattering indicated phase transformation in the PE crystalline phase beyond the first critical stroke.
  • The ratio of QS stress at the first critical stroke to yield stress showed minimal dependence on PE density.

Conclusions:

  • The MR test effectively identifies the critical stroke for initiating plastic deformation in PE's crystalline phase.
  • PE's first critical stroke is largely independent of its mass density.
  • Standard tensile tests can characterize the critical QS stress component, vital for predicting long-term PE performance in load-bearing applications.