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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Application of Deep Learning-Based Medical Image Segmentation via Orbital Computed Tomography
Published on: November 30, 2022
Computed tomography-based differential diagnosis of fungus balls in the maxillary sinus
Dong Hoon Lee1, Tae Mi Yoon1, Joon Kyoo Lee1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School & Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Jeonnam, Korea.
Objective:
We investigated the computed tomography (CT) features of the maxillary sinus fungus ball and compared them with those of other maxillary sinus diseases.
Study Design:
The CT findings of 98 fungus ball lesions in 96 patients, with 35 cases of sinusitis confined to the maxillary sinus and 35 other sinus lesions confined to the maxillary sinus, were analyzed.
Results:
The most common CT feature of maxillary sinus fungus balls was calcification within the maxillary sinus (n = 77 [78.6%]), followed by complete opacification (n = 57 [58.2%]), partial opacification with an irregular surface (n = 36 [36.7%]), bony sclerosis (n = 16 [16.3%]), and partial opacification (n = 5 [5.1%]). A high probability of maxillary sinus fungus ball was found when the CT scans showed calcification within the maxillary sinus and partial opacification with an irregular surface (P < .05).
Conclusions:
Maxillary sinus fungus balls show a higher frequency of calcification and partial opacification with an irregular surface on CT scans compared with maxillary sinusitis and other maxillary sinus lesions. Therefore, calcification and partial opacification with an irregular surface on preoperative CT scans suggest the maxillary sinus fungus ball as the first diagnostic consideration.
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