[Multiple mononeuropathy associated with systemic sclerosis with vasculitis confirmed by nerve biopsy: a case report]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Rheumatology
• Pathology

Background:

• Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease.
• Interstitial pneumonia is a known complication of SSc.
• Neurological complications in SSc are less common but significant.

Observation:

• A 68-year-old woman with SSc and interstitial pneumonia presented with lower limb numbness and left foot drop.
• Clinical examination revealed asymmetric neurological deficits.
• Nerve conduction studies supported a diagnosis of multiple mononeuropathy.

Findings:

• Sural nerve biopsy demonstrated vasculitis, indicating inflammation of blood vessels in the nerve.
• Treatment with corticosteroids resulted in symptom improvement.
• Histopathological findings were crucial for guiding treatment decisions.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of considering neurological involvement in SSc patients.
• Nerve biopsy is a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying vasculitis in mononeuropathy.
• Timely and accurate diagnosis through histopathology enables effective targeted therapy, improving patient outcomes.