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Ethanol as Dentin Pretreatment on the Bonding Performance of a Two-Step Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive: An In Vivo Study
Francisco Cláudio Fernandes Alves Silva1, Victor Pinheiro Feitosa2, Vicente de Paulo Aragão Saboia2
1Department of Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of 70 vol.% ethanol as a dentin pretreatment on the bond strength (BS) of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive.
Materials And Methods:
Resin composite Class I restorations were clinically bonded to acid-etched dentin of human sound third molars using Adper Single Bond 2 (SB, 3M ESPE) and randomly divided into two major groups: dentin saturated with water (control) or 70 vol.% ethanol (ethanol). The teeth were divided into two subgroups: immediately extracted and tested after 24 hours and extraction after 18 months. Bonded teeth (Adper SB 2) were cut into resin-dentin sticks that were tested by microtensile BS, and the failure mode was thereafter evaluated.
Statistical Analysis:
Data were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Holm-Sidak post hoc test (α = 0.05). Additional bonded resin-dentin slabs from each group were examined under light microscopy (LM) using the Masson's trichrome staining technique.
Results:
The lowest BS was obtained by ethanol pretreated dentin after aging, while other groups presented similar BS. The LM analysis showed the presence of resin-sparse collagen fibrils in groups examined immediately (24 hours) and the presence of several gaps due to collagen degradation at the interfaces of ethanol pretreated aged specimens (18 months).
Conclusion:
The use of 70 vol.% ethanol in dentin before the application of a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive should be avoided once it resulted in a significant drop on the BS.
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