Design, Optimization and Improvement of FBG Flexible Sensor for Slope Displacement Profiles Measurement

The accurate measurement of slope displacement profiles using a fiber Bragg grating flexible sensor is limited due to the influence of accumulative measurement errors. The measurement errors vary with the deformation forms of the sensor, which dramatically affects the measurement accuracy of the slope displacement profiles. To tackle the limitations and improve the measurement precision of displacement profiles, a segmental correction method based on strain increments clustering was proposed. A K-means clustering algorithm was used to automatically identify the deformation segments of a flexible sensor with different bending shapes. Then, the particle swarm optimization method was adopted to determine the correction coefficients corresponding to different deformation segments. Both finite element simulations and experiments were performed to validate the superiority of the proposed method. The experimental results indicated that the mean absolute errors (MAEs) percentages of the reconstructed displacements using the proposed method for six different bending shapes were 1.87%, 5.28%, 6.98%, 7.62%, 4.16% and 8.31%, respectively, which had improved the accuracy by 26.83%, 18.94%, 29.49%, 26.35%, 7.39%, and 19.65%, respectively. Therefore, it was confirmed that the proposed correction method was competent for effectively mitigating the measurement errors and improving the measurement accuracy of slope displacement profiles, and it presented a vital significance and application promotion value.