Uterine myoma with massive lymphocytic infiltration - case report

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Pathology
• Surgical Pathology

Background:

• Uterine leiomyomas are common neoplasms in women.
• Massive lymphocytic infiltration within a leiomyoma is an unusual finding.
• This infiltration is characterized by lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophilia.

Observation:

• A case of a 31-year-old woman with a uterine tumor is presented.
• Microscopic examination revealed leiomyoma with heavy lymphocytic infiltration.
• Immunohistochemistry showed a predominance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+/CD56-) with moderate proliferative activity.

Findings:

• The histopathological diagnosis was leiomyoma with massive lymphoid infiltration.
• B lymphocytes were present in smaller numbers within nodular aggregates.
• The exact cause remains unknown, but hormonal factors may play a role.

Implications:

• Lymphocytic infiltration in uterine myomas is rare.
• Accurate diagnosis is essential to differentiate from conditions like lymphoma or inflammatory pseudotumor.
• Understanding these distinct histological features aids in avoiding misdiagnosis.