Functional Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome Induced by an Optional IVC Filter

Area of Science:

• Vascular surgery
• Gastroenterology
• Medical device complications

Background:

• Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) filters are used to prevent pulmonary embolism.
• Placement is typically in the infrarenal IVC.
• Complications, though rare, can occur.

Observation:

• A patient with multiple injuries from a motor vehicle crash underwent IVC filter placement.
• The filter was placed in the standard location.
• The patient subsequently developed symptoms consistent with Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) syndrome.

Findings:

• The IVC filter caused a functional obstruction of the third part of the duodenum.
• Symptoms persisted for sixteen days while the filter was in place.
• Complete resolution of symptoms occurred after filter retrieval.

Implications:

• This case highlights a potential, unusual complication of IVC filter placement.
• It suggests that IVC filters can, in rare instances, cause duodenal compression.
• Careful patient selection and monitoring may be warranted in specific anatomical contexts.