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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Atomic Orbital Energies: Effect of Shielding and Orbital Penetration
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Experiment to Detect Dark Energy Forces Using Atom Interferometry.

D O Sabulsky1, I Dutta1, E A Hinds1

  • 1Centre for Cold Matter, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|September 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atom interferometry experiments found no evidence of new forces, constraining modified gravity theories. This research tests scalar field theories and screening mechanisms in a high vacuum environment.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology and astrophysics
  • Fundamental physics

Background:

  • Accelerated expansion of the universe suggests modifications to General Relativity (GR) on large scales.
  • Scalar field theories propose new forces, requiring screening mechanisms to match GR in tested regimes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally test for new, unscreened forces predicted by modified gravity theories.
  • To place stringent bounds on chameleon and symmetron screening models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atom interferometry to precisely measure the acceleration of an atom.
  • Conducted measurements within a high vacuum chamber to ensure new forces would be unscreened.

Main Results:

  • No evidence of new, non-Newtonian forces was detected.
  • The experiment achieved unprecedented sensitivity in probing modified gravity.

Conclusions:

  • The findings place stringent constraints on chameleon and symmetron theories of modified gravity.
  • Atom interferometry provides a powerful tool for testing fundamental physics and cosmology.