Effect of Nickel Doping on the Properties of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Herein, we studied the effect of nickel (Ni) doping on the properties of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles synthesized by facile ultrasonication assisted wet chemical synthesis process. Various doping concentrations of nickel, i.e., 0.01 M, 0.05 M and 0.10 M, were used to dope into hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, scanning electron spectroscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy and Raman-scattering spectroscopy. The detailed structural characterizations confirmed that the crystallite sizes of the Ni-doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were reduced up to 53% compared to pure hydroxyapatite upon the doping of different concentrations of Ni ions. The agglomeration in the nanoparticles was also reduced by increasing the doping concentration of Ni ions. The XRD studies revealed that the average crystallite size of the synthesized Ni-doped HAp was decreased with increasing the concentration of Ni²⁺ ion doping and this observation was well-consistent with the SEM results. The FTIR and Raman studies well-confirmed the formation of pure HAp and Ni-doped HAp. Further, doping with Ni creates a new level of energy between the conductive band and the valence band and hence with increasing the concentration of Ni²⁺, the intensity in the UV-vis spectra was enhanced.