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Related Concept Videos

Phase Transitions02:31

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Properties of Transition Metals02:58

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Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

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Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
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NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

3.0K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Convective Spin-and-Chill Heat Transfer: Lumped Parameter Model
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Magnetoelectric behavior via a spin state transition.

Shalinee Chikara1, Jie Gu2, X-G Zhang2

  • 1National High Magnetic Field Lab (NHMFL), Los Alamos National Lab (LANL), Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

Nature Communications
|September 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel magnetoelectric coupling mechanism using spin crossover in molecular compounds, enabling control of electric properties via magnetic fields for advanced device applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Magnetoelectric materials couple magnetic and dielectric properties, enabling voltage-based control of magnetic states for low-power devices.
  • Traditional magnetoelectric coupling relies on ferro- or antiferromagnetic order, limiting functionalities and power efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore a novel magnetoelectric coupling mechanism utilizing the spin state of magnetic ions.
  • To demonstrate magnetoelectric coupling in a molecular compound through spin crossover.
  • To investigate the formation of polar, antipolar, and paraelectric phases influenced by magnetic fields and temperature.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated a molecular compound exhibiting spin crossover in Manganese (Mn³⁺) ions.
  • Applied magnetic fields to induce spin state transitions (S=1 to S=2).
  • Analyzed resulting molecular distortions and electric dipole generation, and their coupling to the magnetic easy axis.

Main Results:

  • Magnetic field-induced spin crossover in Mn³⁺ ions generated molecular distortions and electric dipoles.
  • Observed coupling between these induced electric dipoles and the magnetic easy axis.
  • Demonstrated distinct polar, antipolar, and paraelectric phases dependent on magnetic field and temperature.

Conclusions:

  • Spin crossover in molecular compounds provides a viable route for achieving magnetoelectric coupling.
  • This approach offers a new paradigm for designing next-generation magnetoelectric devices.
  • Highlights the potential of spin crossover materials in advanced sensor and memory applications.