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Nocardia araoensis Causing Brain Abscess.

Shejoy Joshua1, Rachana Babu2, Anup Warrier3

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Aster Medcity, Kochi, Kerala, India.

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|September 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nocardial brain abscess is a rare infection. This case highlights a brain abscess caused by the rare species Nocardia araoensis in an immunocompromised patient, emphasizing early diagnosis and prolonged antibiotic treatment for successful outcomes.

Keywords:
Brain abscessNocardia araoensisnocardiosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Nocardial brain abscesses are uncommon central nervous system infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • The majority of human infections (approximately 90%) are attributed to the Nocardia asteroides group, including N. asteroides complex, N. farcinica, and N. nova.
  • Infections caused by other Nocardia species are rare.

Observation:

  • A 73-year-old male with diabetes mellitus and on long-term oral corticosteroids for autoimmune hemolytic anemia presented with memory deficits and gait imbalance.
  • Clinical examination revealed right inferior quadrantanopia and hemiparesis.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging identified a multiloculated, ring-enhancing lesion in the left parieto-occipital region.

Findings:

  • Navigation-assisted biopsy confirmed the presence of Nocardia araoensis as the causative organism.
  • The patient received a prolonged course of antibiotics.
  • Complete clinical and radiological resolution was achieved following treatment.

Implications:

  • Nocardia araoensis is an infrequent cause of brain abscesses.
  • This species should be considered in the differential diagnosis of brain abscesses, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Prompt diagnosis and extended antibiotic therapy are crucial for achieving favorable clinical and radiological outcomes in Nocardia brain abscess cases.