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Magnetization switching using topological surface states.

Peng Li1, James Kally2, Steven S-L Zhang3

  • 1Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

Science Advances
|September 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Topological surface states in bismuth selenide can switch the magnetization of an insulating ferromagnet, barium hexaferrite. This effect is significantly enhanced at low temperatures, offering a promising route for spintronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Topological surface states (TSSs) in topological insulators are predicted to generate spin-orbit torques capable of switching adjacent ferromagnets.
  • Conductive ferromagnets can suppress TSSs, hindering this effect, whereas insulating ferromagnets are expected to preserve it.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate TSS-induced magnetization switching in a topological insulator (Bi2Se3) and an insulating ferromagnet (BaFe12O19) heterostructure.
  • To characterize the efficiency and temperature dependence of the switching process.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a Bi2Se3/BaFe12O19 bilayer.
  • Application of charge currents in Bi2Se3 to induce magnetization switching in BaFe12O19.
  • Measurement of magnetization switching fields and efficiency at varying temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated charge current-induced switching of magnetization in BaFe12O19.
  • Observed a significant reduction of ~4000 Oe in the switching field when a current was applied.
  • Reported a switching efficiency at 3 K that is 300 times higher than at room temperature and 30 times higher than in Pt/BaFe12O19.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms TSS-induced magnetization switching in an insulating ferromagnet heterostructure.
  • Enhanced low-temperature performance is attributed to more pronounced TSSs, increased surface conductivity, and reduced bulk conductivity.
  • The findings highlight the potential of topological insulators for efficient spintronic applications.