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Advanced Experimental Methods for Low-temperature Magnetotransport Measurement of Novel Materials

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Non-Hermitian dynamics in quantum anomalous Hall insulators.

Le Yi¹, Emma Steinebronn¹, Asmaul Smitha Rashid²

¹Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Science Advances

|June 17, 2026

Summary

Magnetically doped topological insulators show distinct quantum anomalous Hall and metallic phases. Researchers used these materials to demonstrate non-Hermitian phenomena like the skin effect and intrinsic nonreciprocity.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Quantum Mechanics

Background:

Magnetically doped topological insulators (TIs) possess unique electronic properties.
These materials exhibit distinct quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) and metallic phases based on Fermi level position.
The QAH phase features unidirectional chiral edge states, while the metallic phase shows nonreciprocal transport.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate non-Hermitian phenomena in magnetic topological insulators.
To realize non-Hermitian conductance matrices using chiral edge states.
To explore the non-Hermitian skin effect and intrinsic nonreciprocity in these systems.

Main Methods:

Utilized Cr-doped (Bi,Sb)2Te3 sandwich structures with chiral edge states.
Constructed a one-dimensional Corbino chain to exhibit well-defined chirality.
Tuned boundary conditions from periodic to open to observe the non-Hermitian skin effect.
Analyzed conductance matrices to identify asymmetric coupling in the metallic phase.

Main Results:

Successfully realized non-Hermitian conductance matrices in the Corbino chain.
Observed the non-Hermitian skin effect, characterized by exponential localization of eigenstates.
Detected asymmetric, bidirectional coupling in the metallic phase, confirming intrinsic nonreciprocity.
Demonstrated the distinct transport properties of QAH and metallic phases.

Conclusions:

Magnetic topological insulators provide a versatile platform for studying non-Hermitian physics.
The observed phenomena highlight the interplay between topology, magnetism, and non-Hermiticity.
These findings open avenues for novel electronic devices and fundamental physics research.