ACE inhibitors and ARBs: Managing potassium and renal function

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Nephrology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are cornerstone therapies for hypertension.
• These medications offer significant benefits in managing heart failure and chronic kidney disease, beyond their blood pressure-lowering effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the established and emerging indications for ACE inhibitors and ARBs.
• To provide practical guidance on managing common and serious adverse effects associated with these drug classes.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of clinical trials and guidelines.
• Synthesis of evidence regarding therapeutic applications and adverse event management.

Main Results:

• ACE inhibitors and ARBs are indicated for hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.
• Key adverse effects include declining renal function and hyperkalemia, requiring careful monitoring and management strategies.

Conclusions:

• ACE inhibitors and ARBs are vital therapeutic agents with broad applications in cardiovascular and renal medicine.
• Effective management of their adverse effects is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes and ensuring treatment adherence.