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Stochastic thermodynamics with odd controlling parameters.

Geng Li1,2, Z C Tu1

  • 1Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.

Physical Review. E
|September 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stochastic thermodynamics faces challenges with odd controlling parameters, revealing heat definition and microscopic reversibility are incompatible. This leads to revised fluctuation theorems and new nonequilibrium work relations.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Non-equilibrium Systems

Background:

  • Stochastic thermodynamics analyzes small systems with strong fluctuations.
  • Key concepts include definitions of work, heat, and microscopic reversibility.
  • Current framework faces challenges with systems exhibiting unusual parameter symmetries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the compatibility of heat definition and microscopic reversibility in stochastic thermodynamics for systems with odd controlling parameters.
  • To revise fluctuation theorems and nonequilibrium work relations based on these findings.
  • To provide a more sophisticated explanation for generalized equalities in non-equilibrium processes.

Main Methods:

  • Application of stochastic thermodynamics to small systems with odd controlling parameters.
  • Introduction of adjoint dynamics to analyze entropy production.
  • Derivation of modified nonequilibrium work relations, including Jarzynski equality and Crooks work relations.

Main Results:

  • Identified incompatibility between heat definition and microscopic reversibility for systems with odd controlling parameters.
  • Separated total entropy production into three parts using adjoint dynamics, with two parts satisfying integral fluctuation theorem.
  • Derived two sets of modified nonequilibrium work relations, extending existing equalities.

Conclusions:

  • The definitions of heat and microscopic reversibility require revision for systems with odd controlling parameters.
  • Modified fluctuation theorems and work relations offer a more accurate description of non-equilibrium processes.
  • The study provides a deeper understanding of generalized equalities in stochastic thermodynamics, exemplified by shortcuts to isothermality.