Recent development and biomedical applications of decellularized extracellular matrix biomaterials

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Tissue Engineering

Background:

• Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) is derived from native tissues, retaining structural and compositional integrity.
• dECM provides a favorable cellular environment, mimicking the native extracellular matrix.
• It serves as a promising natural biomaterial for tissue engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in the preparation of dECM biomaterials.
• To summarize the utilization of dECM in regenerative medicine, including preclinical and clinical trials.
• To highlight emerging medical benefits of dECM beyond traditional tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

• Decellularization techniques for isolating ECM from various species.
• Crosslinking and sterilization methods for dECM preparation.
• Review of literature on dECM applications in regeneration and beyond.

Main Results:

• dECM preparation involves decellularization, crosslinking, and sterilization.
• dECM biomaterials are utilized in preclinical and clinical trials for tissue regeneration.
• Emerging applications include cell transplantation, in vitro/in vivo models, and therapeutic cue delivery.

Conclusions:

• dECM biomaterials offer significant potential in regenerative medicine.
• Advances in preparation and application position dECM as a key scaffold and excipient.
• dECM biomaterials are poised to become valuable tools in medical sciences.