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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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Examination of the Structural Validity of the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory Using Exploratory Factor

Sharon S Hudacek1, Mary Jane K DiMattio1, Audrey Schnell2

  • 1The University of Scranton, Department of Nursing, Scranton, Pennsylvania.

Journal of Nursing Measurement
|September 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study validated the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI) for nursing students. The 32-item, four-factor structure demonstrates reliable and valid measurement of clinical learning environments.

Keywords:
Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI)construct validityexploratory factor analysisprelicensure student nurses' perceptions

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Education Research
  • Psychometrics
  • Healthcare Professions Education

Background:

  • The Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI) measures nursing students' clinical learning perceptions.
  • The structural validity of the CLEI has not been previously reported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the structural validity and psychometric properties of the CLEI (actual version).
  • To determine if the CLEI's proposed dimensions align with empirical data.

Main Methods:

  • Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted on data from 311 nursing students.
  • The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test assessed sampling adequacy.
  • Multiple models were analyzed, retaining items with factor loadings >0.35.

Main Results:

  • A four-factor solution with 32 items was identified.
  • The factors were named: Concern for Student Welfare, Organized/Effective Teaching, Enjoyment of Clinical Learning, and Student Decision-Making.
  • Acceptable sampling adequacy was indicated by the KMO test.

Conclusions:

  • The 32-item, four-factor CLEI demonstrates sufficient structural validity and reliability.
  • The validated CLEI can be used for further psychometric testing and research in nursing education.