Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 19, 2026
Tray Dryer Test to Investigate Convective and Conductive Heat Transfer
Published on: April 30, 2023
Industrial application of heat- and mass balance model for fluid-bed granulation for technology transfer and design
David R Ochsenbein1, Matthew Billups2, Bingbing Hong3
1Janssen-Cilag AG, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Switzerland.
Abstract:
This work demonstrates the application of state-of-the-art modeling techniques in pharmaceutical manufacturing for fluid bed granulation at varying scales to successfully predict process conditions and ultimately replace experiments during a technology transfer of five products. We describe a mathematical model able to simulate the time-dependent moisture profile in a fluid bed granulation process. The applicability of this model is then demonstrated by calibrating and validating it over a range of operating conditions, manufacturing scales, and formulations. The inherent capability of the moisture profile to serve as a simple, scale-independent surrogate is shown by the large number of successful scale-ups and transfers. A methodology to use this 'digital twin' to systematically explore the effects of uncertainty inherent in the process input and model parameter spaces and their impact on the process outputs is described. Two case studies exemplifying the utilization of the model in industrial practice to assess process robustness are provided. Lastly, a pathway to leverage model results to establish proven acceptable ranges for individual parameters is outlined.
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