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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
Published on: October 20, 2022
Establishing Trust When Assessing Learners: Barriers and Opportunities
Brigid M Dolan1, Jason Arnold, Marianne M Green
1B.M. Dolan is associate professor, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3241-6778. J. Arnold is resident physician, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. M.M. Green is professor, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Department of Medical Education, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0721-2095.
Building trust in clinical education assessment is vital. Strategies like ungraded environments and co-created assessments help medical students share limitations and improve skills, fostering learner growth.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Clinical Assessment
- Learner Trust
Background:
- Trust is essential for effective clinical learning and assessment.
- Medical students face barriers to trust, including feedback-grade interplay, bias, and faculty time constraints.
- A trusting environment enables learners to openly discuss limitations and receive targeted feedback.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify threats to trust in clinical assessment for medical students.
- To propose strategies for fostering trust in assessment systems within medical education.
- To enhance learner growth and competency through improved assessment practices.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on trust in clinical assessment.
- Analysis of factors impacting trust in medical education.
- Development of actionable strategies for institutions.
Main Results:
- Key threats include the feedback-grade link, bias, and time pressures on faculty.
- Strategies to build trust involve ungraded environments, co-created assessments, bias mitigation, and adequate faculty resources.
- Implementing these strategies can create a more supportive learning environment.
Conclusions:
- Fostering trust in clinical assessment is achievable through intentional institutional strategies.
- Trust empowers learners to be vulnerable, leading to more effective feedback and skill development.
- Investing in trust-building measures enhances the overall quality of medical education and learner achievement.
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