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Published on: January 15, 2017
Competency-Based Simulation Training for Procedural Skills: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Julia H Vermylen1, Elaine R Cohen, David A Cook
1Northwestern University (J.H.V., E.R.C., W.C.M., J.A., H.B., C.M., T.M.T., F.Y.), Feinberg School of Medicine, Cook County, IL; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science (D.A.C.), Rochester, Minnesota; University of Miami School of Medicine (S.B.I.), Miami, FL; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (M.B.), Women's Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar; Galter Health Sciences Library and Learning Center (M.B.), Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Cook County, IL; Department of Medicine (R.B.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (S.C.), Foster School of Medicine, Lubbock, TX; Advocate Christ Medical Center (N.E.), Chicago, IL; University of Miami School of Medicine (A.M.), Miami, FL; Curtin Medical School (H.W.), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; and Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (D.O.K.), New York, NY.
Competency-based simulation training significantly improves medical procedural skills compared to non-competency-based methods. While practice behaviors and patient outcomes show smaller benefits, further research is needed to optimize simulation effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Healthcare Simulation
- Competency-Based Training
Background:
- Simulation is increasingly used in healthcare education.
- Competency-based education (CBE) focuses on achieving specific skill mastery.
- The effectiveness of CBE in simulation for procedural skills requires synthesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of competency-based simulation education for medical procedural skills.
- To identify common instructional design features and their impact on skill acquisition.
- To highlight research gaps in simulation education.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies on competency-based simulation for medical procedural skills.
- Meta-analysis of skill outcomes, behaviors in practice, and patient effects.
- Analysis of instructional design features, simulators, and feedback methods.
Main Results:
- Competency-based simulation demonstrated a large effect on skill outcomes compared to non-competency-based simulation.
- Favorable but small effects were observed for behaviors in practice and patient effects.
- No specific instructional design features significantly impacted skill acquisition.
Conclusions:
- Competency-based simulation is an effective strategy for improving medical procedural skills.
- Further research is needed to enhance the impact on practice behaviors and patient outcomes.
- Standardized terminology and reporting are crucial for future simulation research.
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