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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 19, 2026

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Acute and longer-term body composition changes after bariatric surgery.

Laurent Maïmoun1, Patrick Lefebvre2, Safa Aouinti3

  • 1Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France, Médicale, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases : Official Journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery
|September 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sleeve gastrectomy causes significant body composition changes in obese patients. Early strategies should focus on reducing lean tissue mass loss to prevent long-term weight regain after surgery.

Keywords:
Android and visceral adipose tissueBariatric surgeryBody compositionFat massGynoidLean tissue massSleeve gastrectomy

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Area of Science:

  • Bariatric surgery
  • Obesity research
  • Body composition analysis

Background:

  • Bariatric surgery, specifically sleeve gastrectomy (SG), is known to induce weight loss.
  • However, its acute and long-term effects on body composition (BC) remain largely uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the changes in body composition (BC) in obese French patients following sleeve gastrectomy (SG).
  • To analyze BC alterations at 1 and 12 months post-surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to assess whole and localized BC, including lean tissue mass (LTM) and fat mass (FM).
  • Abdominal adiposity (total, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissue) was also measured.
  • Data were collected from 30 obese patients before SG and at 1 and 12 months post-surgery.

Main Results:

  • Significant weight loss was observed: -9.7 ± 2.6 kg at 1 month and -32.1 ± 10.3 kg at 12 months.
  • In the acute phase (1 month), weight loss was due to equal decreases in LTM and FM; in the chronic phase (12 months), FM loss was predominant.
  • Significant changes were noted in android/gynoid tissue, total, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissue over 12 months. Age and LTM/FM ratio predicted FM decrease.

Conclusions:

  • Sleeve gastrectomy significantly alters body composition, with initial LTM decrease and sustained FM loss within the first year.
  • Targeting the early postoperative phase is crucial for implementing strategies to mitigate LTM loss, a factor linked to long-term weight regain.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the benefits of visceral adipose tissue reduction for improving post-SG comorbidities.