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Related Experiment Videos

Underspecification in toddlers' and adults' lexical representations.

Jie Ren1, Uriel Cohen Priva1, James L Morgan1

  • 1Brown University, United States.

Cognition
|September 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Toddlers and adults process spoken words similarly, showing sensitivity to all types of mispronunciations. This developmental continuity suggests early lexical representations are detailed and qualitatively like adult representations.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Phonology

Background:

  • Previous research indicated toddlers' lexical representations are quantitatively similar to adults'.
  • Psycholinguistic theories based on underspecification predict asymmetrical sensitivity to mispronunciations in lexical processing.
  • Some studies support these theories, showing greater sensitivity to noncoronal-to-coronal changes than coronal-to-noncoronal changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether toddlers' and adults' lexical representations are qualitatively similar.
  • To test predictions of underspecification theories regarding asymmetrical sensitivity to mispronunciations.
  • To examine developmental continuity in the nature of early and mature lexical representations.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
Developmental continuityLexical representationMispronunciation processingPhonological detailsUnderspecification

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed on-line visual world procedures in three experiments.
  • Tested 19-month-old toddlers and adult participants.
  • Assessed sensitivity to both noncoronal-to-coronal and coronal-to-noncoronal mispronunciations of familiar words.

    • Main Results:

    • Both 19-month-olds and adults demonstrated sensitivity to both types of mispronunciations (noncoronal-to-coronal and coronal-to-noncoronal).
    • No asymmetries in sensitivity were observed in either age group.
    • Findings contradict predictions derived from underspecification theories.

    Conclusions:

    • Toddlers' and adults' lexical representations appear to be qualitatively similar.
    • There is considerable developmental continuity in lexical representation from toddlerhood to adulthood.
    • Methodological differences likely account for discrepancies with previous studies questioning underspecification claims.