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Updated: Jan 19, 2026
A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
Published on: February 7, 2025
Epidemiology of sepsis in cancer patients in Victoria, Australia: a population-based study using linked data
Luc Te Marvelde1,2, Ann Whitfield3, Jennie Shepheard4
1Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria.
Objective:
To determine the clinical characteristics, outcomes and longitudinal trends of sepsis occurring in cancer patients.
Method:
Retrospective study using statewide Victorian Cancer Registry data linked to various administrative datasets.
Results:
Among 215,763 incident cancer patients, incidence of sepsis within one year of cancer diagnosis was estimated at 6.4%. The incidence of sepsis was higher in men, younger patients, patients diagnosed with haematological malignancies and those with de novo metastatic disease. Of the 13,316 patients with a first admission with sepsis, 55% had one or more organ failures, 29% required care within an intensive care unit and 13% required mechanical ventilation. Treatments associated with the highest sepsis incidence were stem cell/bone marrow transplant (33%), major surgery (4.4%), chemotherapy (1.1%) and radical radiotherapy (0.6%). The incidence of sepsis with organ failure increased between 2008 and 2015, while 90-day mortality decreased.
Conclusions:
Sepsis in patients with cancer has high mortality and occurs most frequently in the first year after cancer diagnosis. Implications for public health: The number of cancer patients diagnosed with sepsis is expected to increase, causing a substantial burden on patients and the healthcare system.
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