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Does effectiveness in performance appraisal improve with rater training?

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Summary

This study evaluated four performance appraisal training programs. A combined training program significantly improved task and citizenship performance appraisal accuracy, especially for employees.

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Area of Science:

  • Organizational Psychology
  • Human Resource Management
  • Performance Management

Background:

  • Performance appraisal accuracy is crucial for organizational effectiveness.
  • Subjective rater judgments can introduce bias and reduce appraisal accuracy.
  • Targeted training programs aim to mitigate rater errors and enhance assessment validity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of four distinct training programs for performance appraisal.
  • To assess the separate and combined impact of Performance Dimension Training, Frame-of-Reference, Rater Error Training, and Behavioural Observation Training.
  • To analyze the influence of training type on knowledge of performance dimensions, rater errors, observational accuracy, and appraisal accuracy for task and citizenship performance.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of three individual training programs and one combined program (Training_4_programmes).
  • Analysis of two studies involving 85 students and 42 employees.
  • Measurement of knowledge levels, rater error awareness, observational accuracy, and appraisal accuracy at post-training and follow-up stages.

Main Results:

  • Performance Dimension Training and Frame-of-Reference training, along with the combined program, enhanced knowledge of performance dimensions.
  • Rater Error Training improved awareness of biases compared to other training groups.
  • Observational accuracy increased over time, independent of training type; the combined program yielded the most accurate task performance appraisals, and improved citizenship appraisals for employees.

Conclusions:

  • Combined training programs offer the most significant improvements in performance appraisal accuracy, particularly for task and citizenship performance.
  • Specific training modules effectively target different aspects of appraisal, such as knowledge of dimensions and bias awareness.
  • Continuous measurement post-training is essential for tracking sustained improvements in observational accuracy.