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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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[Rheumathism and pneumology].

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Summary

Lung manifestations in rheumatic diseases require prompt diagnosis and management. Early detection and a multidisciplinary approach, including imaging and pulmonary function tests, improve survival for interstitial lung disease.

Keywords:
Antirheumatic drugsConnective tissue diseasesImmunosuppressantsInterstitial lung diseasesPulmonary function tests

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pulmonology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Rheumatic diseases frequently involve the lungs, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • These lung manifestations carry a significant risk of mortality.
  • Pulmonary involvement is a critical aspect for pulmonologists and rheumatologists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diverse lung presentations associated with rheumatic diseases.
  • To outline diagnostic strategies for pulmonary manifestations.
  • To review management approaches for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive analysis of current scientific literature.
  • Presentation of established and emerging diagnostic tools.
  • Review of therapeutic options and ongoing research.

Main Results:

  • Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease is a key focus.
  • Rapid diagnosis is crucial due to the negative impact on survival.
  • High-resolution CT-scan (HR-CT), pulmonary function testing, and patient history are vital diagnostic components.
  • Multidisciplinary discussion is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning.
  • Immunosuppressants form the basis of treatment, with antifibrotic drugs under investigation.
  • Early consideration of lung transplantation for advanced disease is recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary involvement in rheumatic diseases necessitates close collaboration between pulmonologists, rheumatologists, and radiologists.
  • Teamwork ensures optimal patient outcomes.