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Perspectives on Acute Hepatitis A Control in Korea
Seong Hee Kang1,2, Moon Young Kim1,2, Soon Koo Baik1,3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
Journal of Korean Medical Science
|September 21, 2019
Summary
A nationwide Hepatitis A outbreak in Korea, peaking in 2009, has led to a rise in cases, particularly among young adults. This highlights the urgent need for effective Hepatitis A control and prevention strategies for vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Hepatitis A incidence in Korea was minimal until 1995, with a significant nationwide outbreak peaking in 2009.
- In 2019, over 10,000 acute Hepatitis A cases were reported, indicating a resurgence.
- Declining seropositivity for anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies (anti-HAV) in adults aged 20-30 suggests waning herd immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the current epidemiological trends of acute Hepatitis A in Korea.
- To identify vulnerable populations susceptible to Hepatitis A infection.
- To emphasize the need for targeted control and prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of reported acute Hepatitis A cases from the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
- Review of seropositivity rates for anti-HAV antibodies in different adult age groups over time.
- Epidemiological assessment of population susceptibility.
Main Results:
- A significant increase in acute Hepatitis A cases reported in 2019.
- Lowest anti-HAV antibody seropositivity rates observed in adults in their 20s.
- A continuous decline in anti-HAV seropositivity among adults in their 30s since 2005.
- Young adults (20s and 30s) represent a vulnerable population due to lack of prior infection or vaccination.
Conclusions:
- The current epidemic of Hepatitis A in Korea is a predictable outcome of decreased population immunity.
- Effective control and prevention strategies are crucial, especially for adults in their 20s and 30s.
- Public health interventions should focus on increasing vaccination rates and awareness in susceptible demographics.
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