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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Allergic Reactions02:06

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Overview
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Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

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Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

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While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Macrolide Allergic Reactions.

Kristy M Shaeer1, Elias B Chahine2, Sheeba Varghese Gupta3

  • 1Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Clinical Research, University of South Florida College of Pharmacy, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. kshaeer@health.usf.edu.

Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Macrolide antibiotics can cause allergic reactions, from skin issues to anaphylaxis. Some patients may tolerate different macrolides despite initial hypersensitivity, with desensitization protocols available.

Keywords:
allergyazithromycinclarithromycindesensitizationerythromycinfidaxomicinmacrolides

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Macrolides are crucial antimicrobial agents for treating diverse infections.
  • Allergic reactions to macrolides, though infrequent, range from cutaneous manifestations to life-threatening anaphylaxis.
  • Many reported allergies occur in patients with no prior macrolide exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review and summarize macrolide-associated allergic reactions documented in scientific literature.
  • To consolidate information on hypersensitivity reactions linked to macrolide antibiotic use.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive literature search conducted to identify relevant publications.
  • Focus on studies reporting hypersensitivity and allergic reactions to macrolides.
  • Analysis of documented reaction types and patient histories.

Main Results:

  • Allergic reactions to macrolides encompass a spectrum from mild skin reactions to severe systemic events.
  • Cross-reactivity between macrolides is possible due to structural similarities, but tolerance of alternative macrolides has been observed.
  • Erythromycin is frequently cited in reports of macrolide allergy.
  • Desensitization protocols for clarithromycin and azithromycin exist.

Conclusions:

  • Macrolide hypersensitivity is a recognized clinical concern.
  • Individualized patient management may allow for the use of alternative macrolides or desensitization.
  • Further research into macrolide allergy mechanisms and management is warranted.