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Updated: Jan 19, 2026
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An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
Published on: October 25, 2019
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Longitudinal correspondence between subjective and objective memory in the oldest old: A parallel process model by
Joseph W Jones1, Elizabeth B Fauth2, Marie Ernsth Bravell3
11Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, UT USA.
European Journal of Ageing
|September 24, 2019
Summary
In older adults, both objective memory and self-rated memory decline. Women
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Psychology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Subjective memory and objective memory performance predict outcomes in older adults.
- Previous research shows overlap between objective performance and subjective memory ratings.
- Existing studies are often cross-sectional, limiting analysis of change over time.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine concurrent changes in objective and subjective memory using a parallel process model.
- To investigate sex differences in the association between changes in objective and subjective memory.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from two Swedish population-based studies (OCTO-3 and OCTO-Twin-5).
- Included 607 participants aged 80+ years, with assessments every 2 years.
- Employed a parallel process model to analyze longitudinal changes.
Main Results:
- Both objective and subjective memory declined significantly over time.
- A statistically significant association between the rate of change in objective and subjective memory was found for women, but not for men.
- This sex difference persisted after controlling for age and depressive symptoms.
Conclusions:
- In the oldest old, women appear to possess better metacognitive abilities regarding memory changes.
- Objective memory performance may be a more reliable indicator of memory changes in men, as their self-assessments were not significantly associated with actual performance changes.
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