Developing a framework of core competencies in implementation research for low/middle-income countries.

Area of Science:

• Implementation Science
• Global Health Training
• Health Systems Strengthening

Background:

• Implementation Research (IR) is a growing field with a global need for standardized training.
• Currently, there are no recognized core competencies for IR training programs, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
• This lack of standardization hinders effective capacity building in IR globally.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a comprehensive framework of core competencies for implementation research training programs specifically designed for LMIC contexts.
• To address the identified gap in standardized IR education and promote effective health research capacity in LMICs.

Main Methods:

• A mixed-methods approach was employed, including two online surveys targeting IR training coordinators (n=16) and academics (n=89) from seven LMIC institutions.
• A modified-Delphi process was utilized to refine and validate the proposed domains, competencies, and proficiency levels within the framework.
• The study focused on developing a framework relevant to the unique challenges and contexts of LMICs.

Main Results:

• The developed framework includes 11 domains, 59 competencies, and 52 sub-competencies for IR training.
• Emphasis is placed on competencies crucial for LMIC settings, such as adapting to local contexts, strengthening health systems, ethical considerations, stakeholder engagement, and communication.
• The framework underscores the interconnectedness of IR domains and competencies, highlighting a circular and iterative approach to training rather than a linear one.

Conclusions:

• The established framework provides a robust foundation for identifying, evaluating, and standardizing IR competencies and training programs in LMICs.
• It emphasizes a theory-based approach to defining proficiency levels, drawing on educational theories for competency-based education.
• The framework is essential for professional development in IR, offering direction and support for researchers and trainers in LMICs and high-income settings alike.