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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
Published on: November 11, 2016
Circadian clock-controlled drug metabolism and transport
Mengjing Zhao1, Huijie Xing2, Min Chen1
1Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
Abstract:
Metabolism and transport of many drugs oscillate with times of the day (solar time), resulting in circadian time-dependent drug exposure and pharmacokinetics.Time-dependent pharmacokinetics (also known as chronopharmacokinetics) is associated with time-varying drug effects and toxicity.This review summarizes drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters with rhythmic expressions in the liver, intestine and/or kidney. Correlations of these diurnal proteins with circadian variations in drug exposure and effects/toxicity are covered. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms for circadian control of enzymes and transporters.Mechanism-based chronopharmacokinetics would facilitate a better understanding of chronopharmacology and the design of time-specific drug delivery systems, ultimately leading to improved drug efficacy and minimized toxicity.
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