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Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
Catalytic allylic functionalization viaπ-allyl palladium chemistry
Rodney A Fernandes1, Jothi L Nallasivam1
1Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India. rfernand@chem.iitb.ac.in.
This review details advances in palladium-catalyzed allylic C-H functionalization. Modern methods offer green, atom-economical strategies for direct C-H activation and asymmetric allylic alkylations.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Catalysis
- Sustainable Chemistry
Background:
- Palladium-catalyzed allylic C-H functionalization has evolved significantly.
- Early methods relied on stoichiometric Pd(II) for allylic C-H activation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review developments in palladium-catalyzed allylic C-H functionalization since early 2014.
- To highlight the shift towards greener and more efficient catalytic strategies.
Main Methods:
- Focus on π-allylpalladium chemistry.
- Exploration of direct C-H activation methods using terminal oxidants.
- Application of chiral ligands for asymmetric catalysis.
Main Results:
- Transition from stoichiometric to catalytic Pd(II) systems.
- Development of step- and atom-economical allylic C-H functionalization.
- Enabling of asymmetric oxidative Tsuji-Trost allylic alkylations.
Conclusions:
- Palladium-catalyzed allylic C-H functionalization has become a sustainable strategy.
- Direct C-H activation offers a greener alternative.
- Asymmetric catalysis is now achievable under oxidative conditions.
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