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DAMP-sensing receptors in sterile inflammation and inflammatory diseases

Tao Gong1, Lei Liu1, Wei Jiang2

  • 1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Nature Reviews. Immunology
|September 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) signal sterile inflammation via innate immune receptors. Understanding DAMP-sensing receptors is key to addressing inflammatory diseases and promoting tissue repair.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The innate immune system recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors.
  • Endogenous host-derived molecules, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), are also sensed by innate immune receptors.
  • DAMPs released by damaged cells initiate sterile inflammation, crucial for tissue repair but implicated in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent discoveries on DAMP-sensing receptors in sterile inflammation.
  • To explore the role of DAMP-sensing receptors in diseases linked to dysregulated sterile inflammation.
  • To discuss the cross-regulation between DAMP-sensing receptors and their ligands.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific discoveries.
  • Analysis of research on DAMP-sensing pathways.
  • Synthesis of information on receptor-ligand interactions in sterile inflammation.

Main Results:

  • DAMP recognition by specific receptors drives sterile inflammation.
  • Dysregulated DAMP signaling contributes to metabolic disorders, neurodegeneration, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
  • Complex cross-regulatory mechanisms exist between DAMPs and their sensing receptors.

Conclusions:

  • DAMP-sensing receptors are critical mediators of sterile inflammation with dual roles in repair and disease.
  • Targeting DAMP-sensing pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for inflammatory conditions.
  • Further research into receptor-ligand cross-regulation can illuminate therapeutic interventions.

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