Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 19, 2026

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
Published on: February 26, 2020
Early Executive Function: The Influence of Culture and Bilingualism
Crystal D Tran1, Maria M Arredondo2, Hanako Yoshida3
1Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, 3800 Montrose Boulevard, Houston, TX 77006.
Abstract:
Evidence suggests that cultural experiences and learning multiple languages have measurable effects on children's cognitive development (EF). However, the precise impact of how bilingualism and culture contribute to observed effects remains inconclusive. The present study aims to investigate how these factors shape the development of early EF constructs longitudinally, between monolingual and bilingual children at ages 3, 3 ½ and 4 years, with a set of EF tasks that are uniquely relevant to the effects of bilingualism and cultural practices. We hypothesize that the effects of bilingualism and cultural backgrounds (i.e., Eastern) are based on different, though related, cognitive control processes associated with different EF constructs. Results revealed a significant bilingualism effect on cognitive control processes measuring selective attention, switching, and inhibition; while an effect of culture was most pronounced on behavioral regulation/response inhibition. Contributions of bilingualism and cultural experiences on individual EF constructs across development are discussed.
More Related Videos
06:35Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
Published on: April 28, 2016
09:01A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
Published on: May 7, 2014
Related Concept Videos
Language and Cognition
Information Processing Approach
Lateralization
Working Memory
The Role of Culture
Biological Influences on Intelligence