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A human opal suppressor tRNA gene and pseudogene.

V A O'Neill, F C Eden, K Pratt

    The Journal of Biological Chemistry
    |February 25, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers identified two human opal suppressor transfer RNA (tRNA) genes. One functions normally, while the other is a pseudogene, offering insights into tRNA gene evolution and human repetitive DNA sequences.

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    Area of Science:

    • Molecular Biology
    • Genetics
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are crucial for protein synthesis, translating genetic code.
    • Opal suppressor tRNAs specifically recognize and read UGA termination codons.
    • Understanding tRNA gene structure and function provides insights into gene regulation and evolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize human opal suppressor tRNA genes.
    • To compare the structure and sequence of identified human tRNA genes.
    • To investigate the potential role of repetitive DNA elements in gene insertion.

    Main Methods:

    • Screening a human DNA library using an opal suppressor tRNA probe.
    • Cloning and subcloning of isolated genes into plasmid pBR322.
    • DNA sequencing of the isolated human tRNA genes and flanking regions.

    Main Results:

    • Two human opal suppressor tRNA genes were identified and sequenced.
    • One gene is a functional 87-nucleotide opal suppressor tRNA with a TCA anticodon, capable of reading UGA codons.
    • The second gene is a pseudogene, truncated at the 3' end, with significant homology to human Alu repetitive sequences and inserted between two Alu elements.

    Conclusions:

    • The functional human opal suppressor tRNA gene exhibits minor differences from eukaryotic consensus sequences and a chicken homolog.
    • The pseudogene's characteristics suggest a gene duplication or insertion event possibly mediated by Alu elements.
    • These findings contribute to understanding human tRNA gene diversity and the role of repetitive elements in genome organization.

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