Carbon-Based Sunlight Absorbers in Solar-Driven Steam Generation Devices

Carbon-based sunlight absorbers in solar-driven steam generation have recently attracted much attention due to the possibility of huge applications of low-cost steam for medical sterilization or sanitization, seawater desalination, chemical distillation, and water purification. In this minireview, recent developments in carbon-based sunlight absorbers in solar-driven steam generation systems are reviewed, including graphene, graphite, carbon nanotubes, other carbon materials, and carbon-based composite materials, highlighting important contributions worldwide that promise low-cost, efficient, robust, reusable, chemically stable, and excellent broadband solar absorption. Furthermore, the crucial challenges associated with employing carbon materials in this field are emphasized.